Cargill, the world's largest trader of agricultural commodities, is threatening to halt business with one of its suppliers based on information that points toward the company's deforestation activites. Sinar Mas, a major Indonesian palm oil supplier, has been accused of illegal land-clearing activities to create plantation ground for its palm oil production. Sinar Mas assures that once further investigation is completed, its business with Cargill will remain. However, other buyers, like Nestle who is switching suppliers and Unilever who scrapped a $33 million contract with Sinar Mas, are way past threatening. Their business relationship with Sinar Mas is no more, because these multinationals didn't want to harm their companies' global perception because of their supplier's actions.

Companies stop business relationships all the time; so, why is this particular situation significant from a food marketer's standpoint? None of these buyers had any real issues with what they were buying. The issues that terminated the supplier/buyer relationship had nothing to do with the quality or physical ascpect of the product that was being transacted.

Here, we see the extension of a generic commodity to what Theodore Levitt would call a product bundle + intangibles. In business relationships, there are intangibles that are added into a product bundle with the commodity/product that are remarkably influential. It was an "intangible" part of the "product bundle" that Sinar Mas created that was unwanted by its buyer. Nestle, Unilever and now Cargill can't do business anymore with Sinar Mas. But did this have anything to do with the product? Nothing. The problem was entirely in the risk of tarnishing the perception of the buyer, and how that was affected by WHO they bought palm oil from, and HOW it was being produced, but not WHAT it was.

Many factors, be it technology, globalization, or media influence, make any business relationship extremely fragile nowadays, in that absolutely EVERYTHING that is offered to the other company matters. Every aspect of what you sell/buy and how you go about it in a business relationship can be influential, even if it is "intangible."

The intangibles that are included in the product bundle are significant. So significant, in fact, that it cost Sinar Mas a relationship with some of the most recognizable food companies in the world.

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/79510d4c-37af-11df-88c6-00144feabdc0.html

Theodore Levitt: http://cte.jhu.edu/courses/pii/marketing%20success%20through%20differentiation.pdf